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In Greenice we want more people to enjoy the savings they get in each house and business every LED bulb.

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With the introduction of LED technology in the lighting market, new theoretical concepts have emerged than with ancient lighting technologies a little more unnoticed. Next, we are going to explain the basic concepts about LED lighting so that each user knows the parameters you have to assess when choosing the lightbulb What best suits your needs.

Facilities at a very low security voltage (MBTS)

The facilities at a very low safety voltage comprise those whose nominal voltage does not exceed 50 Vac. or 75 VDC, fed by a source with protection isolation, such as a transformer that meets current UNE security standards.
Within this type of facilities we can find:
- Health automation
- Pools of pools
- Automatic floating in pumping tanks
- Irrigation of green spaces
- Hydromassages
- External lighting
 If we work in dry exterior environments, wet or are partially wet, how exterior spotlights, the recommended voltage is 24 volts. On the contrary, for elements that will be submerged, how pool spotlights, the recommended working voltage is 12 volts. For both purposes, a security transformer with the appropriate protections should always be used.

Table of equivalences between LED and traditional products

Most people are not familiar with the equivalence of the different existing technologies with LED technology. This table is intended to guide all those people, both particular and professional, to help and make a correct replacement of old products by LED.
The equivalence tables shown below are orientative about the equivalences of old lighting technologies by LED. They are orientative because depending on the type of chip and driver that uses the luminaire, it supplies more lighting or less.

Interior lighting

LED Halogenuros Energy saving Fluorescent t8 Sodium vapor
High pressure		 Sodium vapor
No reactance		 Lumen (LM)
1 w 10 w - - - - 80 - 90
3w 20W - - - - 240 - 270
5W 35w - - - - 400 - 450
7W 50W - - - - 560 - 630
10W 80W 20W 20W - - 800 - 900
12W 100W 24W 24W - - 960 - 1080
15W 120W 30W 30W - - 1200 - 1350
20W 150W 40W 40W - - 1600 - 1800
60W 400W 120W 120W 100W 300W 4800 - 5400
80W 450W 160W 160W 120W 380W 6400 - 7200
90W 550W 180W 180W 150W 450W 7200 - 8100
120W 750W 240W 240W 200W 600W 9600 - 10080
150W 900W 300W 300W 250W 750W 12000 - 13500
160W 950W 320W 320W 250W 750W 12800 - 1440

Outdoor lighting

LED Halogenuros Energy saving Fluorescent t8 Sodium vapor
High pressure		 Sodium vapor
No reactance		 Lumen (LM)
60W 400W 120W 120W 100W 300W 4800 - 5400
80W 450W 160W 160W 120W 380W 6400 - 7200
90W 550W 180W 180W 150W 450W 7200 - 8100
120W 750W 240W 240W 200W 600W 9600 - 10080
150W 900W 300W 300W 250W 750W 12000 - 13500
160W 950W 320W 320W 250W 750W 12800 - 1440

Importance of the opening angle What is it?

If we considered that we already had enough concepts to handle when choosing a bulb, now we are going to add another that, although a priori it may seem less importance, it is decisive when making a stay well or poorly illuminated. An opening angle of a poorly chosen bulb can produce shadows, giving rise to empty spaces that are not illuminated. On the contrary, if we have a very open opening angle we will cover all the holes but we will lose lighting that in many cases will not be able to reach the ground.
The opening angle indicates how much the light beam will open when leaving the lamp, that is, under the lamp an illuminated area whose area is proportional to the opening angle will be created. To select the appropriate lamp, this value is of vital importance because it would directly affect the uniformity of the light, and the amount of luminaires to be used.
Therefore, you must have a balance between the adequate average lighting and the uniformity of the light, always ensuring that the whole place is illuminated and without shadows.
To choose an opening angle or another we must take into account the height where the luminaire will be placed. If we have a very high height and we have a large or very wide opening angle, we will lose light intensity, but this will be more uniform. On the contrary, for stays with low roofs, if we use a luminaire with a small angle there will be places where the lighting will be very fixed but in others there will be shadow areas.
Therefore, for a correct choice of the most appropriate opening angle to each case, we can follow these small recommendations:
- Very small opening angles (<10º): It is used to highlight concrete objects. Very useful to illuminate sculptures, pictures, etc.
- Media opening angles (between 24 and 60º): They are the ones that are most commonly used. They are usually used in restaurants, houses, shops, etc.
- Large opening angles (> 60º): They are usually used in large areas such as stores, industrial ships, offices, etc.

Advantages of LED technology

If you have not yet moved to LED lighting and you have in your home incandescent or halogen bulbs, Greenice gives you the reasons for transition to the lighting of the future.
Energy savings
Today, energy savings is one of the basic pillars of any person, since in this way it contributes to a transition to more green and efficient technologies. LED technology is the most efficient way of lighting, (80% less compared to traditional lighting). This means that about 80% of electricity becomes light, consuming very little power and, therefore, emitting very little heat. Traditional incandescent bulbs only convert 20% of energy in light, losing 80% in the form of heat.
Durability
LED lighting is characterized by the long life it has. His half -life is around 50,000 hours. The duration of these is not calculated depending on the moment they turn off, but based on a percentage of the initial luminous flow (lumens). This means that the LED luminaires continue to function once the hours of useful life specified, although with less intensity. In addition, due to its great useful life, it makes maintenance costs lower than for traditional technologies.
Environment
LED devices do not contain mercury, do not produce infrared irradiations, do not produce light pollution and are 100% recyclable. All bulbs and luminaires of the Greenicate catalog have the ROHS certificate (restriction of dangerous substances in its acronym in English), which prohibits the use of six materials in the manufacture of electrical and electronic equipment.
The long operational life mentioned above means that a LED light bulb can save material and the production of 20 incandescent bulbs.
In addition, the use of LED technology for lighting causes the carbon footprint and CO2 emissions and sulfur to the atmosphere.
Quick response capacity
Unlike traditional technologies, LED lighting has very rapid starting so it does not need prior preheating (such as fluorescent tubes).
Mechanical resistance
Unlike traditional bulbs and luminaries, LED lighting has high mechanical resistance so what can endure vibrations and blows, which makes the blows better during transport without better blows without any damage in them.
Chromatic variety
LED lighting offers a wide range of chromatic variety with which one can choose different intensities of light, effects and environments based on the chosen bulb or luminaire. In addition, there is the RGB option (red, green and blue, in its acronym in English) in which one can choose between the three base shades and the shades obtained from the mixture of the three (yellow, purple, pink, White, etc). In addition, LED lighting has a CRI (chromatic reproduction index) greater than or equal to 80. This parameter indicates how much fidelity reproduces the colors LED lighting, so, the closer it is at 100, the greater the fidelity of Colors reproduction.

How important is the light flow?What is the luminous flux?

With the introduction of LED technology in the field of lighting, new very important concepts have been introduced when choosing the appropriate bulb for our purpose. With traditional bulbs, the factor to consider when choosing a bulb was the power (W). At present, this factor is no longer so important, other factors such as Lumen (LM) and Luxes (LX).
Next, we will explain the difference between the two, as well as some examples that will help us better understand these new concepts.
Lumen: It is the unity of the international system to measure the luminous flux of a source, that is, the luminous power provided by that source
To give an example, a 60W incandescence bulb with E27 cap between 600 lumens, being the replacement of LED with an 8W bulb, with the same number of lumens and therefore the same level of lighting.
Example of luminous intensity.
Luxes: It is the unit derived from the international system for illuminance or lighting level. Your unit is lumen/m2. With this parameter you can know what distance the beam of the light source reaches and how good or bad is the lighting in each place.
The UNE 12464-1 standard is the European standard on interior lighting. In this standard, average illuminance levels are tabulated (em), UGR unified glare indices (UGRL) and color performance rates or chromatic reproduction index.
Therefore, when choosing a luminaire we must look at the amount of lumens that supply us. The amount of lumens is proportional to the amount of watts, so a luminaire of, for example, 10 W must have at least 850 LM. If we look, for example, in a 15W bulb, it must have around 1200 lm. Luxes is a parameter that is used more for legislation and regulation but that for practical purposes is not as important when choosing a light bulb or luminaire is not as important as lumens or power

How to select the appropriate color temperature?What is the color temperature (K)?

When we talk about color temperature, many people do not know this concept or usually confuse it with the colors themselves, a concept with which it is not directly related. The color temperature can be defined how the predominance of some spectrum colors over others so that bluish or reddish tones predominates more depending on how we move in the spectrum. A more technical color temperature definition can be the following: "The color temperature of a light source is defined by comparing the color obtained within the light spectrum with the light that would emit a black body if we warm them to a certain temperature. For this reason, this color temperature is expressed in Kelvin, although it is not indicative of a temperature. "
Therefore, the color temperature of a product simply and plainly the color of the light that we will obtain from a focus or luminaire. It should be commented that the color temperature, measured in degrees Kelvin (K), usually vary from 1,000 k that can resemble the flame of a candle or oil lamp, to 10,000 k that can be assimilated to the color of the sky On a sunny day.
The most used shades in the lighting sector are:
Warm white (3000 - 3500 k): Yellowish color Warm white tones are usually chosen in stays where tranquility and relaxation are required. These rooms are bedrooms, rooms, dining rooms, corridors, etc.
Natural White (4000 - 4500k): Pure white color. Natural white tones are usually installed in places where an optimal appreciation of colors is required. These rooms are bathrooms and dressing rooms.
Cold white (6000 - 6500k): Bluish white. Cold white tonalities are usually installed in places where lighting is a very important factor and manual and precision works are carried out. The rooms are from kitchens to work banks.
How conclusion, we can indicate that the choice of a bulb with a color or another temperature can be based on the technical recommendations but in the end it is a subjective choice since each person likes a color hue than another. As a curious note, the different color temperatures see them day by day in the sky. In the morning/afternoons we can see warmer and mid -morning tones we can see more natural and cold tones. It should be noted that these shades will vary depending on the levels of pollution and the amount of clouds of that day. In this way when they talk to us about color temperature we will have a practical and visual example that we see daily.

Importance of opening angles in lighting

One of the most important factors when choosing a LED bulb is the opening angle. The lower the opening angle, the more focused the light will be found, while, if we choose a very open opening angle, the light provided by this product will be more dispersed, although it will cover more lighting distance. Thanks to the constant development of LED technology, we can find products with different opening angles, some of them being able to illuminate an entire stay.
The most commonly used opening angle is 120º, since it is usually found in most places in a home. When we want to focus a specific point, the angle we must choose will be 40º.
It must be taken into account that the higher the height at which the luminaire is placed, the lower the opening angle must be so that the lighting is correct and the light power provided by the product can be taken to 100 %.

Differences between single -phase, biphasic and three -phase lane spotlights

Within the facilities of Focos in lane, there are three types of configurations depending on the power points or phases that we have or want to put inside our installation. The types that exist are the following.
- Monophase: Monophasic lanes and spotlights are used when within our installation we want a single ignition/off point. This type of facilities is the most common and the most used.
- Biphasic: Biphasic spotlights and lanes are used when within our installation we want two points of ignition/off well differentiated. For example, if it is along a corridor, you can put a switch at the beginning of it to perform the general ignition and another switch at the end of it to perform the total paid.
- Three -phase: Three -phase lanes and spotlights are used when within our installation we want three power/off points. This type of configuration can be used in facilities where specific and/or plot facilities are done.

Differences between movement sensor and presence sensor

Movement sensors have won a great prominence in recent years because they help us manage lighting more efficiently than with old keys or switches. This is because the sensors manage the ignition/off of the light through a sensor, in charge of detecting people or objects in motion. Next, we will comment on the advantages of using this type of devices and the different models that we can find in the market.
Is a presence sensor the same as a movement sensor? The answer is no. The presence sensors are more sensitive than the movement sensors because they carry out a constant sweep of the area in search of “disturbances”, in addition to making a constant measurement of the light. Movement sensors respond to a "disturbance" when this is of an important magnitude (when there is an important movement). Also, they are not able to perform an active measurement of light such as movement sensors.
The most used in the lighting market are movement sensors due to their ease of installation and market price. Next we will explain in a summary way the different types that we can find:
Passive movement sensors (PIR): It is probably the most used sensor in the market due to its ease of configuration and use. It bases its operation on the detection of infrared radiation variations in the environment on which it is placed. The name of liabilities is because he does not emit radiation but receiving them. These capture the presence detecting the difference between the heat emitted by the human body and the space around. The detection is carried out by means of a lens responsible for detecting this type disturbances. Its main component are pyroelectric sensors designed to detect changes in the infrared radiation received that are in turn encapsulated in a Fresnell lens.
Microwave active sensors: These types of sensors base their operation on emission/reception of microwave waves regardless of temperature. If something interferes with the waves, the sensor will detect a variation in the return time, causing the lighting to be activated. These types of sensors are more sensitive being able to cross thin doors and windows. This makes its detection capacity greater than that of passive movements sensors.
Crespuscular sensors: This sensor bases its operation on the detection of the excess or lighting defect within the environment in which it is installed (previously we will have to have tested the sensor to place the regulation at the point
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