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How to select the lamps according to the area you want to illuminate?
QTo select the lamps, you must be clear about what type of work is going to be carried out in the place. The following table shows the recommended average illumination in typical cases. In order to calculate the average illumination, some concepts and magnitudes must be taken into account. First, you must know the dimensions of the place.
Having the dimensions, we proceed to calculate the index of the premises:
To determine the ideal height that the luminaire should have, the relationships in the following table can be applied:
On the other hand, to know the appropriate distance between luminaires, we could use the following equations:
Having clear the physical distribution of the premises and the recommended distances, we proceed to know what reflection factors to use for the ceiling, walls and floor:
|
Reflection factors |
||
|
Place |
Color |
Reflection factor (ρ) |
|
Roof |
White |
0,7 |
|
Sure |
0,5 |
|
|
Medium |
0,3 |
|
|
Walls |
Sure |
0,5 |
|
Medium |
0,3 |
|
|
dark |
0,1 |
|
|
ground |
Sure |
0,3 |
|
dark |
0,1 |
|
Having this, we select the utilization factor that adapts to the reflection factors obtained, using the following table:
Finally, the maintenance factor is selected with this table:
|
Maintenance factors |
|
|
Environment |
Factor (fm) |
|
Clean |
0,8 |
|
dirty |
0,6 |
Taking the values of width, length, utilization factor and maintenance factor, the total luminous flux required in the installation is obtained by means of the following equation:
Being the average lighting required in the place (Measured in lux). Having the total luminous flux, the lamp is selected and the total flux is divided by the flux of one lamp to obtain the number of lamps needed.
