Relevant aspects of LED public lighting
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At the time of carrying out a public lighting project there are many aspects to take into account, since it is about the lighting of areas in which in addition to offering a service to a large number of people, lighting is required that offers security and level Suitable to avoid possible accidents and dangerous situations, for example, in places where there is vehicle traffic and lighting represents a great factor for the safety of pedestrians and drivers. It is also really important that the elements destined for this type of applications have a fairly high luminous efficacy, since, by the type of installation, lights are required that emit an amount of high light, which is sufficient to supply an adequate average level of lighting at the ground level.
1 Type of public lighting lamps
Different types of lamps are usually contemplated for public lighting projects, including tubes, lamps, bulbs, bells and projectors. In general, technologies such as fluorescent tubes, mercury vapor lamps, high and low pressure sodium vapor, metal halogenides and induction discharge lamps were used in a traditional way. At present, society is increasingly demanding when conserving the environment, consuming less electricity and reducing the maintenance of all equipment. Therefore, it is increasing Environmental
2 Lighting level calculation
On the other hand, when you want to carry out a public lighting project, the calculation of medium lighting levels, either on the road, platforms and parking stalls is imperative. In this case, it is necessary to take into account some important variables that affect the theoretical result of the calculation of the lighting level. One of the variables involved in the calculation would be the use factor, which consists to a measure of the lamp or luminaire performance and is defined as the ratio between the useful flow that reaches the ground and the total flow emitted by the lamp. Suppliers usually prepare a curve of this value based on the street width quotient and height, both on the side of the road and on the side of the sidewalk. One of the most used methods for the calculation of exterior lighting is the total flow. The objective is to calculate the separation distance between the luminaires and guarantee an adequate level of lighting. That is, knowing the luminous flux of the lamp, the desired medium lighting, the width of the road and the arrangement of the lamps, the minimum distance that must exist between each luminaire (separation of the posts) can be calculated.
3 Disposal of public lighting lamps
Another point to take into account when performing the calculations of the lighting level is the disposition of the luminaires, whether they are intended for sidewalk lights or any type of road. The types of dispositions of the luminaires, usually, are usually classified as unilateral, bilateral, bilateral tresbolillo and axial central.
- The Unilateral disposition It is used when the lamps are located on the same side, therefore, this arrangement for footwear not very wide is applied.
- The bilateral disposition Parented is used when the road is wider, and consists of the placement of the luminaires on both sides of the road.
- The Tresbolillo bilateral disposition It is used for footwear with an intermediate width in which the unilateral arrangement is not enough, then the luminaires are placed on both sides of the road in an interleaved way.
- The Axial central disposition It is used when there is a central island and the luminaires are placed on the island, located two by two, where the first illuminates one road and the second the other.